Does the iPhone SE (1st generation) have eSIM?

No

The iPhone SE (1st generation) only takes a physical SIM card. It can't install an eSIM, ours or anyone else's, so please don't buy one for this phone.

What you can do instead

Buy a local prepaid SIM card when you land, or rent a pocket wifi. And if you are changing phone before the trip, check the list of compatible models below.

Questions
Can I use a travel eSIM on the iPhone SE (1st generation)?

No. The iPhone SE (1st generation) has no eSIM, so it can't install one from any provider.